What is the first step in controlling external bleeding?

• A. Elevate the limb
• B. Apply direct pressure with a clean cloth or dressing
• C. Rinse the wound with water
• D. Apply a tourniquet

Answer: (B)

Controlling external bleeding starts with applying direct pressure to the wound using a clean cloth or dressing. This pressure helps form a clot by slowing blood flow and giving the body's natural clotting process a better chance to seal the wound. Keeping the dressing in place protects the area, absorbs blood, and prevents the clot from being disturbed. If the cloth becomes soaked, don’t remove it—add another layer on top to maintain pressure and continue clot formation.

Elevation can aid bleeding control by reducing blood flow to the area, but it isn’t the first action to take. Rinsing the wound with water is for cleansing after bleeding is under control and can disrupt clot formation if done too soon. A tourniquet is a last-resort measure used only when direct pressure cannot control severe, continuing bleeding.