Which term describes the hardening of arteries?

• A. Arteriosclerosis
• B. Atherosclerosis
• C. Angiosclerosis
• D. Arteriopathy

Answer: (A)

Arteriosclerosis describes the hardening and loss of elasticity of the arteries. When the arterial walls thicken and become stiffer, they don’t expand as easily with each heartbeat, which can raise blood pressure and raise cardiovascular risk over time. This term is the general description of the process.

Atherosclerosis, while related, refers to a specific type of arteriosclerosis where plaque—made of cholesterol, fats, and minerals—builds up inside the artery, narrowing the opening and impairing blood flow. So it’s a particular cause of hardening, not the broad process itself.

Angiosclerosis isn’t a standard term used to describe this condition, and arteriopathy means any arterial disease without specifying the hardening process.